Chemical wastewater treatment is one of the most widely used methods today. This approach involves using chemical reactions to neutralize dissolved substances in a closed system. Each method has its unique advantages and disadvantages, and for optimal results, operators need to understand the key factors involved. Let's explore this topic with Môi Trường Đại Nam.
1. Chemical Neutralization Method
This method involves adjusting the pH level of the water to a neutral state, enabling microorganisms to break down pollutants. The process relies on the chemical reaction between acids and bases, resulting in the formation of salts and acids, which are known as neutralizing agents. Factors affecting the neutralization process include wastewater flow rate, pH levels, pollutant concentration, and temperature.
Common neutralizing agents include:
- For acidic wastewater**: NaOH, KOH, NH4OH, Na2CO3, CaCO3, MgCO3, lime.
- For alkaline wastewater**: H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, acidic salts.
- For heavy metal-contaminated wastewater**: CaO, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3, NaOH, etc.
2. Chemical Precipitation Method
Wastewater often contains heavy metals and impurities that need to be removed. The two primary precipitation processes are calcium carbonate and hydroxide precipitation. The pH level of the wastewater must be carefully controlled, as each metal precipitates optimally at different pH levels.
Common chemicals used for precipitation:
- Tốt
- Aluminum sulfate (Alum)
- Iron sulfate and lime
- Ferric chloride
- Ferric chloride and lime
2.1 Chemical Oxidation-Reduction Method
This method uses oxidizing agents such as chlorine gas/liquid, calcium chlorate, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, potassium bichromate, potassium permanganate, oxygen, and ozone to purify wastewater. During oxidation, harmful substances are transformed into less toxic compounds and separated from the wastewater. A large amount of chemical agents is required to complete this treatment process.
2.2 Chemical Ozonation Method
Ozonation is a highly effective oxidation process that easily transfers oxygen atoms to organic pollutants. It is used to remove odors, H2S, detergents, dyes, and more from wastewater.
3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Chemical Wastewater Treatment
Like any wastewater treatment method, chemical treatment has its pros and cons.
3.1 Advantages
- Easily accessible chemical materials
- Simple to use and manage
- Compact treatment space
- Fast processing time
3.2 Disadvantages
- High treatment costs, making it unsuitable for large-scale wastewater treatment systems.
- Potential creation of secondary pollutants** from chemical reactions during the treatment process.
Chemical wastewater treatment offers a practical solution with certain benefits, particularly for smaller-scale operations or specific contaminant issues. However, it's essential to weigh the costs and potential risks, such as the formation of secondary pollutants, before implementation.
If you need consultation or installation of a wastewater treatment system for your business, contact us through the hotline: 0909 378 796. With years of experience in wastewater treatment, Công ty TNHH Giải Pháp Môi Trường Đại Nam offers not only chemical treatment methods but also biological, physical, and physico-chemical solutions tailored to your needs.
